chapin



Jan. I, 1 24 J.J.CHAHN CALCULAT-I NG MACHI NE Filed May 16, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTUR WITNESSES Hi5 ATTEIRNEY Jan. 1 1924 J. J. CHAPIN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 16. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 TNVENTUR a w WITNESSES Z 71/. M.

a Hi5 ATTURNEY CALCULATI NG MACHI NB Filed May 16. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 WITNESSES Q INVENTUB Z 771 M i v HIE ATTURNEY Jan. 1, 1924 1,479,455 J. J. CHAPIN CALCULATI NG MACHINE Filed May 16. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 =INVENTUR 6) A; .ZAQ C/ Hi5 ATTORNEY J. J. CHAPIN CALCULATING MACHINE 07 I5 ATTORNEY m um Tl w S m I V W s H S S. hv mm Jan. 1!

WITNESSES 53% m. @fim".

Patented Jan. 1, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. CHRIN, OF NEW YORK, N.

Y., ASSIGNOR TO REMINGTON ACCOUNTING MA- CHINE CORPORATION, OF ILION, NEV YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application filed May 16,

1'0 (115 whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. CHAPIN, citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to calculating machines, and more especially to combined typewriting and calculating machines. My

, invention has for its principal object to pronations and arrangements of parts,

vide certainimprovements in the actuating mechanism of key operated machines of the class specified, with a view to simplifying the mechanism and to improving it with respect to lightness of touch on the key and with respect to speed of operation. My invention also includes various detail improvements.

Another object of my invention is to provide actuating mechanism for these machines of such sort that it can be very readily assembled, and that parts thereof can be easily removed and if necessary replaced with new ones or repaired. My actuator is also characterized by the use of very few springs, the action being mostly positive. This feature both results in case of operation and also makes for reliability.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in certain features of construction and combiall of which will be fully set forth herein and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a simplified, or more or. less conventional side elevation of a combined typewriting and calculating machine having my invention embodied therein.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the actuator detached from the remainder of the machine and with some parts broken away 1921. Serial No. 469,881.

view showing the parts at the end of the down stroke of the key.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary top plan view in section through the key arrestor or singlekey tube.

Figures 8 and 9 are vertical sectional views on the line 89 of Fig. 2 and looking toward the left. The disconnect mechanism is shown in connecting position in Fig. 8 and in disconnect position in Fig. 9.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary view in vertical section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 2 and looking toward the left and showing the parts duringthe down stroke of a key.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the same as seen during the upstroke ofakey.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary front elevation, partly in section, of a portion ofthe mechanism.

Figure 13 is a front view, partly in section, of a certain spring coupling.

Figure 14 is a sectional view on the line 1414 of Figs. 2 and 12 and looking toward the left, the parts being in normal position.

Figure 15 is a similanview on the line 15-15 of Figs. 2 and 12; 1

Fi ure 16 is a'diagrammatic view showin all of the differential plates as seen from the left-hand end on the pivot rod on which they are mounted and illustrating the means for providing different extents of lost motion.

Figure 17 is a rear view of the differential stop bar detached from the machine.

Figure 18 is a front to rear vertical sectional view illustrating a modification of certain of the devices.

My improved actuating mechanism may be applied invarious ways and combined with various other devices, but for the purpose of illustration I have here shown it embodied in a machine which in respects other than my improvements resembles, and in fact may be identical with, the Remington accounting machines that have been on the market for some years and which consist essentially of 21 Remington No. 11 typewriter -having combinedtherewith the Wahl calculating mechanism. Whenever any parts of the calculating machine are omitted either in the drawings or in the description, it is to be understood that the Remington- VVahl mechanism may be used; and in fact the specific machine illustrated in the drawings might be considered to be in the nature of a modification of the well known Remington-Vahl machine. One form of said machine is fully disclosed in the patent to l-Vahl No. 1,270,471 dated June 25, 1918. The machine shown in that patent, however, includes cross footing mechanism which is not included in the machine shown in my drawings. My improvements are confined to the main actuator mechanism of the machine- The typewriter, t e c rriage. including the calculator truck, and the totalizer or t lizersy a e a l shown f S and rd Ber ingt n-wahl cons ru ion The Remington typewriter includes a. main frame having thereon stationary rails 21 constituting parts. of ball bearings for a trave ing carriage 22 havi g a p t n 23 mounted thereon. The frame also includes a type bar s gmen 24 having f ont strike, type ba s 25 pivoted her in and act ated y i ks 26, be l cranks and links 28, he last c nnected o the key levers.

' of a set o numeral keys 3-1 nd elphebet keys 32-. This. achine also includes various devices ellnown in the a t and not necessary here to be particularly shownand described. Fig. 1 contains a Conventional represen a ion of this m chine.

The calculating mechanism comprises a stat on ry fra e o casting 33 hich is secured to the upper front part of the frame 20'by means of angle brackets 34. The frame or casting- 33 sh wn in the drawing is identica with that liere im'e emp y n the \Vahl machine except that some of the lower part of the Wahl castin has been cut away. Journaled in said casing are three wheels or ol s 35,- 36 and 7 the ast moun ed in an overhangin bracket 38 located at the middle of the mac dine. These wheels are the main supporting and guiding means for a truck or calculator carriage 40 on which any desired number of totalizers 41 can be mounted. This truck is also partly sppported at its ends by brackets 42 rigidly mounted on the ends of the typewriter carriage 22 so as to make the truck travel toward the right and left in unison With said carriage. All of. these parts, namely, the wheels 35, 36 and 37, the truck 40, totalizers 41 and brackets are as here shown of standard Wahl construction.

The actuator framework, in addition to the casting 33, includes a number of sheet met l plate or b ack s mounted on said casting. $3. and 4:4 are respectively leftamd d igh -hand and pla es s cu ed o he ends, of casting 33 by sc ews 5- Bewee these end p ates there are two other plates elfi and 47 (F gs 2, 15 end said plates ha i g f et bent .ofl therefrom and secured by s rew &8 o t e cestin 33- B tween the plates 4 a d 47 is east .5! pla e 50 similarly secured to lhc casting 33 (Figs. 2 1 522- he upp parts of l t s and 50 are or may be similar to ll oso l eretofore employed in the ll'ahl machine. A n1as ter wheel 51 is rigid on a shaft 52, the rc dnced ends of which are iournalcd in the plates 46 and 47. On this shaft there is mounted a collar integral with a drive gear 54 and having a splined connection 55 with the master wheel shaft. As shown in Figs. 2 and 15, an arbor or shaft 56 is slidably but non-rotatably mounted in plates 46 and 50, and on this arbor a, )inion 57 is 1'0- tatably mounted between collars so that the pinion moves lengthwise with the arbor but 15 free to turn on the arbor. In the \Vahl machine means are provided for shifting this pinion to the right and left which n'ieans may be used in the present machine but is not shown in the present drawings where said shaft s m r y s ow in F prolon ed to ar the le t and pr i n i s 1 ith a f ger button 58! Any su tab means can be Provide r etaining the haft in ts s t p itiuns. T aft' is c n ec ed with the moved sl eve 53 by means of e ev r of t first d r which. s a am l r p rt of t e Wah machine n which I. ha n t h re shown Th s ntir ma ere l n cchaniwi inc ud g he r v Pinion and change gea mechanism. 4, .5, 56, 57, etc., is standard Wahl construction. When the button 58 is p lled towa d. he left, thus sliding pi on 57 toward the lef a pinion 5i toward the ri ht, the machine is set for addit on and w en said butto i pushed t ward tfe. e ,1'c 'er$ing t elati e adjustmen of he tw p nio i the machine is" set for subtraction.

The machine also includes a master dog 0 mounted on a ock sha t 61 wh h s pivoted at its ends in plates 47 and 50. This dog includes slack ng tooth 62 adapted to ngage the teeth of i c 33. (Fi to look th -car iage at certa im This d als is s and d Wall! mechan sm both in construct on and fun tion. t. coopera s with certain levers in the totalizper as is well known. Said. levers are at certain times locked against operation by means of a bar it, Fi 1, mou ted n th f ame plates 47, 50 MN? Hi l'ecisely as in the \Vahl nachine.

A consi eral le part of my actuator mechanism is mounted on a main pivot od or main pivot shaft 65 which, as best shown in Fig. 3, is inserted endwise into the 11131118 work passing through suitable holes in the frame late i3, 46, fiend 5Q at the o or hir is s pp rtcd th at its n s and also at intermediate points. This rod is ma n ained in place by fist h ad c ws 66 screwed i to the ends oi the shaft and having their heads bearing agninst the outsides f pla s 43 nd 4 The haf c n be r mo ed a any me y emc ingeiie o these screws and pulling it out of the machine endwise. The mechanism includes quite a number of movable parts each of which is provided with a hub and said hubs are strung along this pivot rod, some of them having their ends abutting one of the frame plates and others having their ends abutting one another so that the hubs are properly spaced along the rod and any one of them can turn independently thereon. There is one collar 67 which is merely a spacing collar at the right-hand sideof the frame plate 47.

The numeral keys 31 have their levels 30 connected by means of pull links 68 with key pieces 70, one for each of the numeral keys including the zero key. Each of these key pieces consists of a threearined sheet metal lever rigidly mounted on a flanged hub 71 by any suitable means, as for example that which in shops is sometimes called staking. These key pieces and their hubs are inteispersed among the other devices that are strung along the pivot rod 65. By the side of each key piece there is mounted a differential piece 72. In the present instance each of these differential pieces stands just at the right of one ofthe key pieces 70, and each of them isfastened to a hub 73 journaled on the rod 65. Each of the key pieces 70 has a pin 74 projecting therefrom toward the right into anarc-shaped slot 75 in the associated differential piece 72.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 showthe mechanism connected with the key that writes and adds the digit 9. In the normal position shown inFig. 4 the pin 74 stands in the rear end" of the slot 75 and duringthefirst part of the motion of the key and-ofthe' key piece said pin 'moves in said slot until it reaches the end of the slot after which it carries the differential piece 72 alongwith thekey piece 70 to the end of the stroke. The parts are shown in the middle of the down stroke in Fig. 5 and at the end of the down stroke in Fig. 6. The extent to which the difi'eren tial piece is moved depends upon the amount of this lost motion which differs-with the 9-key mechanism just referred to.

Figure 16 is a diagrammatic View of the differential pieces 72 as theywould be seen from the left if there were no other parts on the shaft 65. It Will be seen that the amount of lost motion afforded by the slots 75 is graduated, the S-key having' a little more lost motion than the 9 and s on {mtheditl'erent keys. The last slot '75 whose end is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 16 is that for the zero key where the lost motion is such that. the master wheel is not'turned at all by that key, although certain other mechanism is operated as will appear.

The difi'erential motion of the various differential pieces 72 is communicated by them to a differential bail which is also mounted on the rod 65 as shown in Fig. 12. This bail consists of a differential bar 76 supported by arms 77 whose hubs 78 are pivoted on the rod 65 in the same manner as the other hubs, as shown in Fig. 3, in which the lefthand one of said arms and its hub are shown, the right-hand am being included in the mechanism that is broken away in the figure. The bar 76'appears in cross section in many of the figures and it preferabl consists as there shown of a relatively lig t tube, this being preferable because of its lightness and stiffness. Each of the difi'erential pieces 72 has in the main the outline of a sector but at its rear edge it has a depending lug 80 which normally stands a short distance back of the bar 76, as shown in Figs. 4 and 16, and to this lug there is pivoted at 81 a book 82 which normally stands in the position shown in Fig. 4, where it is disconnected from the bar 7 6 but which is capable of being rocked to the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Lug 80 moves forward into contact'with bar 76 and prong 83 swings down in front of said bar and locks it to the piece 72. In the normal position of the parts the hook 82-is held out of engagement with the bar 76 by reason of its-"prong 84 comin in contact-with a frame bar 85 which rigi 1y connects the lowor parts of the-frame plates 43 and 44," to

which" plates said rod'isrigidly secured inanysuitableimanner as by sc rews-86, Fig.

1. The hook-82 has its upper edge 87 nor mally lyinv across-the slot'75 as' shown in Fig. '4 an the pin 74 -project s ;across this part of the "hook;" During the initial lost motion ofthe pin 74 in" the slot 75"said-pin positively forces the-hook 82 into engage.- ment with' the 'bar 76 as will be'understood by reference to' Fig: 5, where itwillbe seen that as long "a'sthe lpin 74 is in the-front part is positively-held -in'en-- of theslot the boo gagementz with the bar. The 'difl'erential bar isthus'positively connected oricoupled'to an operated difierential'piece'w In order to preventthe hook- 82-jmm acoming disengaged -from' the"- bar'- 76 even during'the return stroke of the-key;=said hook is provided with a tail 88 projecting rearward-therefrom and of such shape that during the entire time when the bar 76 is displaced from 'its=normalposition said tail is just. above thestati'onaryjbar S5'andany of the differential pieces 72 of the same outline and have provided stationary stepped stops to arrest said diiforentiul pieces; and, since the differential bar is at that time positively coupled-to the operated ditl'en cntiul piece, said bar will of course also be arrested. The form of stop device Shown in the present instance includes an ang it 99 id y mount d a t f ont of the ma i on the plates 43 and 44. In the present instance this bar is made of n sufliciently stifl" piece of sheet metal and it has cars 91, Fig. ben b k rom its e d and ure to he fr m p at-B's y s ews 2- The angle her 90 has its upper edge bent rearward into a flange 93. The main body of the bar is of such length as to fit snugly bet een h two nd p at 3 an 44 but this flgnge 93 is prolonged to form two lugs 4, Figs 2 an 17, w c ente lot no che in he end plates 4 and 4 nd h Posit y Pr v a y upward or downwa sl pping of he a It will be p eived that this bar can be removed entirely from the mac in by mere y re o ing he two rews.

Th flang 9 acts a h final stop fo the d ential pi w'l l r he il -key a shown n Fig.- D ie t the lo t motion between the remaining dl-fierentiol pieces an their keys, sa d m ining difie ential pieces do not move high enough to strike the flange 93 but must be arrested at lower and different elevations. To this end a t pped stop ar 9. a ea v of which is show in F ig- 7, is se ured to th bar 90 by screws 96 and suitably spaced therefrom by washers 97. The lower edge o this. ba is made in eight steps 98 at difi'erent elevetions appropriate to the various numeral k ys, th l w st step at he xtreme r ght of Fig. 17 being that for the l-key. In this machine the zero key is at the ri l t-hood end of the row of keys and its di erential piece 72 has only motion enough to take up the lost motion between the lug 8.0 and the bar 76 without moving said her. Saiddifferential piece is positively arrested by a stop block 100 seen at the left end of ,Fig. 17 where it is shown secured to the bar 90 by a screw 101.

' It will, of course, he understood that the precise detail construction of this series of fixed stops can be varied but the construction shown is simple and rigid and very convenient in the matter of accessibility and (letachableness. It will be perceived that by the described mechanism the different keys impart difl'erent and precisely meas-. ured extents of swirl ing motion to the dif ferential bar 76 which swings about the same pivotal axis as the key pieces and the differential pieces.

In order to communicate the motion of the difl'erential bar 76 to the master wheel 51 u segmental ruck 102 is provided and journaled on the main pivot rod as best shown in iIijgs. 2, 3 and 15. A hub 10$ pivoted on the rod has a round portion and also a portion having the rectangular outline shown in Fig. 15. The segment 102 is branched, itstwo arms 104i embracing the rectangular hub 103 to which they are pivoted on a, screw 105 so that the segment can be swung about said screw from the inclined position shown in Figs. 2 and where the segment is out of mesh with the pinion 5 4 or 57 as the case may be to an upright position where said segment is in mesh. The segment, however, is constrained to turn accurately with the hub 103. An arm 10.6 is perforated and fastened tightly on the round part of the hub 103 and is further secured to said hub by means of a rivet 10.7 as shown in Fig. 3, and said arm 106 has another hub 108 rigidly secured to the differential bar 76. By the means do scribed the segment 102 partakes precisely of the swinging movements of the diff rentie/1 bar 76. It will be recognized that the construction of this segment 102 and its connection with its hub 103 resemble the corresponding parts f the Wahl machine, but the means for operating the segment is different in the present instance from the Wahl machine.

The machine is provided with a universal bar 110 which is operated alike by all of the keys including the zero key. In the present instance this bar is also one member of a full stroke mechanism but other full stroke mechanism; can be, provided if preferred. Said bar 110 is mounted at the front of the machine a. little above the sto bar 90 where it is pivoted to the two nd frame plates 43 and 4d; the manner of such pivoting being best shown in Fig. 12. The bar itself is of such length as to have a working fit between the two end plates and it is pivoted at each end on the reduced inner end 111 of a screw 112 screwed thr ug th end plate 43 or 44. The construction is such that by removing these two screws the bar can he slipped out of the machine toward the front. The universal bar 110 n t form here shown consists of a plate or wing of metal, its ivots 111 being near the from edge of said or, which her in cross section normally points approximately towards the center of the rod 65, as shown for example in Fig. 14, In order to stiffen the bar near the middle of the machine, the front edge of the bar is rounded concentrically with its pivotal axis, and the frame plate 50 has a dependin pert shown in Fig. 14 so cut out as partially to embrace the front edge of the bar and to furnish a. partial bearing for said bar near the middle of the machine.

In order to hold the universal bar in its normal position the devices shown in Fig. 10

Ill]

are provided. These consist of two dogs 113 and 114 pivoted respectively at 115 and 116 to the frame plate 47 and drawn together by a spring 117 which tends to cause said dogs both to engage opposite sides of a fixed pin 118 projecting from said frame plate 47. The noses of these dogs embrace the uni versal bar 110 and. normally hold it in the middle position described; but said bar can be deflected from that position in either di rection, moving the corresponding dog against the tension of said spring 117. The rear edge of the bar 111) is made square and each of the key pieces 70 has a forwardly extending arm with a segmental face concentric with the shaft 65 and containing several notches 120. l'Vhen a key is depressed this forwardly directed arm moves upward as indicated in Fig. 10, and swings the universal bar upward against the spring pressure applied to it through the upper dog 113. At the end of the down stroke of the key the key piece moves beyond the range of the universal bar which immediately snaps back to its normal position, as shown in Fig. 6. On the return Stroke of the key the universal bar is deflected downward, as shown in Fig. 11. This deflection is also against the tension of the spring 117,.

which in this instance is applied through the lower dog 113.. In both strokes of the key a full stroke is enforced by the square edges of the universal bar entering the notches 120, as will be readily understood. It will be recognized that in principle this universal bar resembles that which has here tofore been in use in the Wahl machine in this sense, namely, thatthe universal bar normally occupies a middle position, that it is deflected from that position on the down stroke of the key, escapes from the key. piece at the end of the down stroke, is deflected in the opposite direction during the upstroke of the key and finally escapes again at the end of the upstroke and returns to its normal middle position. I I

The connections between the universal bar and the segment 102 will be understood from Figs. 12 and 15. The swinging of the segment to the right and left about its pivot 105' is controlled by aslide 121, the upper rear edge of which is forked to embrace the segment and the reduced ends of which have a limited sliding motion in right and lefthand directions in the frame plates 16 and 50. The lower forward edge of this bar has in it a notch 122 through which passes a cam 123 rigidly mounted on the universal bar 110. This cam consists of a piece of sheet metal stamped out and formed with a foot or base part 124 which is secured to the uni versal bar 110 by two screws 125- The earn 123 proper is bent up from this base part and is also bent into a sort of S-shape in the ame manner as the corresponding cam in the lVahl machine- The construction is such that the bar 121 and segment 102 normally occupy their right-hand positions shown in Figs. 2 and 12, but when the universal bar is swung upward by the down stroke of a key the sinuous cam 123 forces the bar 121 to the left, swinging the segment into mesh with the pinion 54 or 57. On the return stroke of the key when the universal bar is swung in the opposite direction, this cam positively forces the bar 121 and segment 102 to their extreme right-hand positions. On account of the looseness of the cam 123 in the notch 122, a spring 126 may if preferred be secured to the left-hand face of the frame plate 46 as by means of a screw 12?. and this spring may exert a light pressure toward the right on the end of the bar 121.

The universal bar 110 also controls the master dog 60 so as to cause said dog to perform precisely the functions that it does in the W'ahl machine. Said dog has a follower roller 128 mounted thereon which runs in a cam groove 130 in a cam plate 131 which is rigidly mounted on an arbor 132 which is pivoted in the frame plates and 47. The cam slot 130 may have the same form as the corresponding cam has heretofore had in the Wahl machine. In order to operate this cam plate=it is prolonged toward the front of themachine, its front end having cut therein an open throated cam slot or crotch 133 into which a pin 134 (Figs. 14 and 12) projects from the side of a bracket 135, which bracket is secured by screws 136 to the upper surface of the universal bar 110. The construction is such that when the universal bar is in its normal middle position shown in Fig. 14, the cam plate 131 is-held in such a position as to hold the master dog in its normal position; but when the universal bar is swung upward on the down stroke of a key therear end of the cam plate 131 is swung downward, the follower roller 128 is pushed toward the rear and the dog 60 moves toward the front of the machine and the tooth 62 moves upward into the rack 63 in a ma nner well known in the art. On the return stroke of the key when the universal bar is swung downward, the cam plate 131 is moved in the opposite direction but the cam slot is of such form that this does not oper ate the master dog. It will be perceived that the open throated crotch 133 is of such form that the universal bar can be removed from the machine without difficulty due to the engagement of pin 134 with this crotch.

The master wheel 51 (Fig. 14) is normally locked by a dog 137 which enters between two of the teeth of said wheel, said dog being pivoted at 138 on the frame plate 50. This dog has a cam slot 140 therein, which is engaged by a pin 141 projecting leftward from the bracket 135 above described, and the shape of this slot is such that when the universal bar is swung upward on the down stroke of a key the do; 137 is withdrawn from the master wheel, but. when the universal bar is in normal position and also when it is swung downward 0n the upstroke of the key, said dog is in engagement with the Wheel and is positively locked there by the pin 141 engaging in the slot 140: Said slot is open at its lower end to facilitate removal of the iiniversal bar from the machine. It will be observed that the control both of the master (log and ofthis locking do 13? by the universal bar isnltog'ether positive, no springs being used at all except the one which centers the unireiszil bar in its normal position.

it. will be understood that other devices may if desired be connected with this same universal bar to perform other functions in the machine. In other words, this bitr czin be made to perform all necessary functions of a. universal bar;

When the differential bar 76 is returned to its normal position it is locked there by means shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The, left hand arm 77 is prolonged upward and shaped with a shoulder 142 which is normally engaged by a matching shoulder on a lock lever 143 which is pivoted at 144 on a bracket, 145 projecting forward and thence downward from the casting 33. In the pres-- ent instance this bracket is made of thesame piece of sheet metal as the brdc'ke't 46: be ing bent u from the left-hiind end of the foot of sai bracket; The latch 143 is prolonged toward the front of the Ina-chine so that its forward end overlies the universal bar 110 and when said universal bar is swung upward on the downstioke Ufa key it lifts the latch and unlocks the difi'eientizil bar. By this time, however, said barhns become coupled to one of the differential pieces 72 by means of the book 82. The latch. 143 is controlled by it light spring 146, one end of which is connected to stiid latch and the other end of which may be; connected with the arm 77 so as to exert it. light pull on the differential frame tending to restore the bar 76 to its normal rear position. Siiid bar when operated is positively moved back to that position by the hooks 82 rind it is positively loclte'd in that position by the latch 143, so that it inay be doubted whether this spring action is necessary in ordinary operation, and in any event the tension of the spring may be light. In disconnect. post tion this spring is heeded.

It is sometimes desirable for the workman in the shop to be able to free the bar 76 for operation by hand, in order to make certain tests of the totalizbr. My actuator may be so constructed as to enable. this to be done by importing: a pattial down stroke to the zero key. Said key is moved downward far enough to bring the universal hii'r to the position shown in Fig; 10 where, it will prevent the key from returning to normal position and where in the case of any other key than the zero key the bar 711 would be positively coupled to the difi'eren-l tial piece. In case it is desired to be able to free the bar 76 by this means the book 82 may be omitted from the differential piece 72 corresponding to that key. In the present instance, however, this hook is shown in place in Fig. 2 so that when the zero key is operated and the latch 14? is, therefore, unhooked', the bar 76 is positively held in normeil position by the hook 82.

In order to disconnect the calculnl'ing mechanism from the typewriter when doing typewriting that does not involve computing, a disconnect handle 147 is provided. This consists of a lever pivoted at 148 (Figs. 8 and 9) to the bracket 145. The lever is prolonged toward the rear where it is made with two notches 150 which co-operute with a flat spring 151 to retain the handle 147 yieldingly in its upper position shown in Fig- 8 where the machine is connected up for operation; or in its lower position shown in Fig. 9 where the caleulziting mechanism is disconnected. The lever 147 is provided with a knee 152 which when the lever is depressed to the Fig. 9 position forces the universal bar 110 to its extreme depressed positidn where it is entirely out of the path of the key pieces so that when the numeral keys are operated the universal bar is not moved. In this position of the universal bar the master dog B0 is in its orrnal positiori, the master wheel .is locked by its do: 137 and the segment 102 is in its right-hen position free of'the pinitms 54 and 57; so that: *onthe'operation of any numeral key, whereas the bar 76 will beswilng 'as usual; the master wheel will not be turned and the mister dog will not. be diStiHbBd.

In order for the mechanism to operztte in this manner, however, it is necessary when the calculating mechanism is disconnected that the differential bar 76 be free to swing. To this eild the lateh 143 has 51 {in 153 projcting leftward therefrom into the path of the rear arm of the lever 147 so that when said lever is depressed, as shown in Fig. 9.; the latch 143 will be elevated to inoperative position.

In order to prevent simultaneous depression of two nnnieral keys my suitable. key at"- rester or single key mechanism can be pro vided; In the present instance each of the key pieces 70 has its rear endmade; in the form of a segment 154 concentric'with the shaft 65; and the lower part of this segment nbi'mally stands as shown for example in Fig. 4, barely entering a. slot 155 cut in the front time of a tube 156 which tube extends lengthwise of the. machine, being sup til) ported at its ends by the frame plates 43 and 44. There is one of these transverse slots 155 for each key piece and the construction is such that when any key is depressed its segment 154 moves down through the tube 156 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. As shown. in Fig. 7, said tube contains a series of rods or plungers 156 with rounded ends, which ends come opposite the various slots 155. At each end of.the tube 156 there is a fixed plug 160 which is fastened in place by a screw 161 passing through the frame plate and screwed into the plug. These plugs perform the double function of supporting the tube 156 and of limiting the endwise motion of the plungers 158.

The construction is such that the total length of all said plungers is about equal to the length of the tube less the thickness of one of the segments 154, so that when one of said segments is in operated position, as for example the one shown at the bottom of Fig. 7, then these plungers are all crowdedtogether in such a way as to prevent the operation of any other key,

It will be perceived that when one of the differential pieces 72 is positively arrested, as for example the Q-piece is shown arrested in Fig. 6, the key piece 70 and linlcpiecc 68 are alsopositively arrested at the same time. It would require avery. niceadjustment of the parts to insure that this positive arrest of the key occur at precisely theright instant to cause the type bar to print properly. If said type bar struck the aten too soon it might arrest the key. before the calculating operation was quite completed, and on the othenhand if said type, bar did not strike the platen quite soon'.enough then the key might be arrested before thetype bar had printed. For this reason I have interposed ineach trainof key connections an elastic connection capable of yield-ing to a limited extent. The preferredjorm of this connection is shown in Fig. 13, but the construction can be varied considerably from that shown.

As shown a device 162 is interposed be tween each numeral key lever and its link, 68. In the form shown in the drawing this device includes two branches 163 which embrace the key lever and which are connected by a shouldered pin 164 which passes through a suitable hole in said lever, whereby the device 162 is pivoted to the key lever. Said device is slidably mounted on the link 68 with which it has no positive connection. Said link 68 passes through two holes in said deviceyone of them being in the upper cap-like part 165 of said device, and the other in a lower disk-like part 166 from which the two arms 163 depend. The parts 165 and 166 are connected by two integral bars 167. A nut 168 lies on the disk 166 and the link 68 is screwed into said nut so that the length of the link can be regulated by screwing it up or down in the nut while disconnected at its upper end from. the key piece 70.. A spring 170 is coiled about the link 68 and is compressed between the cap 165 and the nut 168, and it is this spring which communicates the motion of the key lever 30 to the link 68. The spring will of course be made of a stifl'ness suitable for the purpose. Each of the arms 167 is made with a shoulder 171 which limits the relative motion between the device 162 and the link 68; that is to say, the device 162 can move downward with reference to the nut 168 and link 68 against the pressure of the spring 170 only by an amount determined by the distance of the shoulders 171 above the nut 168. There is thus provided a yielding connection which however can yiel only to a limited extent. In practice the machine is so adjusted that the differential piece 72 is arrested at the end of its stroke before the type bar has quite reached the platen so that the printing is efiected by a further depression of the key lever which results some compression of the spring 170. The parts are so regulated however that-if by any means the master wheel was arrested before it had turned the requisite number 'of teeth determined by the operated differential piece, then the shoulders171 would prevent the key 30 from moving so far ahead of the link 68 as to enable the type to print. In other words, a. failure of the-differential piece to move to its full operated position by a tooth space would prevent the type from printing.

In -Fig. 181 have shown a modification of the yieldingconnection. According to this modification .the 68 ositively pivoted=to thekylever 30 and the ey iece 701 partakesf.of;.the,whole motion o the key- The pin 81: is notmounted on said key piece but is mountedon a separateplate 172 whiclris pivoted on the rod by the side of.the p1eee. 1. The plate 172 has lost motion connection with the key piece 701 consisting of a pin 173 projecting from saidvplate 172 into a crotch 174 in the key piece, said crotch being wider than the pin. Said key pieceand the plate 172 are connected by a stiff spring 175. This spring normally holds the pin 173 at the front end of the, crotch 174 and so maintains it during the full operation of the calculating mechanism. At the end of the stroke however the key can move a little further, the distance limited by the width of the crotch 174, against the tension of. the spring 175, thus permitting the type bar to print.

Attention may he directed to the fact that.

most of the parts of the differential mechanism all swing about a common center, namely, the rod 65. This makes a means for transmitting power that is very direct tui'hing any other.

and etiicient, almost none of the energy heing lost in the friction that occurs in trans mitting power from a part swinging around one center to a part swinging around a11- o'i'her center. It is partly for this reason that the action of nty inechnnisin is very light, offering bnt slight resistance to the key, and that it maybe operated more rapidly than mostmachines of this character. There are comparatively few parts in the mechanism, and especially there are very few springs. The action of all parts is nhnsuaily direct and positive.

Another decided advantage of my mechanism arises from the fact that in case it is desired to remove any one, for example, of the key pieces or the differential pieces 7 it can he done very easily without dis- "'7 tut-hing other parts of the machine. 'Io

this end the mechanic who has to do with these machines can provide hilnself with a rod of about the same di'ziitie'ter as the rod (,5 and he can remove one of the screws 66 and ttsing his extra rod ma pnshit through the machine, thtis ptishing' the rod 65 b'et'o're it. He can stop this inotion at any desired point and by then withdrawing his extra rod can leave a space between the two rods corresponding to the particular hub that he wishes to reihove, and this hub will either fall out of the machine 0i can readily be withdrawn from the inaehine without dis- Also in the original assembling of the machine 511 of these parts that are strung along this iod can he put in place very quickly;

It may also he noted that at the point where the segment 1(i2-act's on the p'inions 54 or 57 it is desirable that, the shaft 65 not spri'ng away frtiin t e pihiohs so tis to refiner imperfect the meshing of the Segi'rient theietvith. This action occurs hetwoen the frame plates 46 and 47 in which the mister-sheet shaft and the shaft 56 are jtmi'ttaled. T he rod 65 also passes through these same plates that at. that point it beats a rigid atid exact. relation to the shafts of the pinions'.

Attention has been called to the readiness with which the universal ar can be removed from the machine and replaced in it and it may be added that the bracket 135 fastened on this bat and also the cam 123 are secured to said bar each by two screws which are at the front of the machine and on the upper art of the bar where they are very readily accessible. In case of any injury to or breakage of either of these parts it can therefore be almost instantly removed and very quickly replaced with another.

It will of course be understood that many changes can be made in the details of construction and arrangement without departing from my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pateht, is,

1. in a calcitlating machine, the combination with a set of digit kys, of a shaft, :1; series of key pieces pivoted on said shaft and connected with said keys, a set of differential pieces pivoted on said shaft and each having lost inotion connection with one of said key pieces, and a differential bail swlngiiig concentrically with said shaft and operated by said differential pieces.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination with a set of digit keys, of a shaft, a set of key pieces pivoted on said shaft and each connected with one of said keys, at set of differential pieces pivoted oh said shaft and each having ltist motion connection with one of said key pieces, a differential bails'winging concentrically with said shaft, and means for positively cotipli'ng an o' erated ditierential piece to said difl'erentia bail.

3. In a calculating machine, the combination with a set of digit keys, of a shaft, a set of key pieces pivoted on said shaft and connected with said ke s, a set of difi ct eiitial pieces having los motioii ebfinectibn with said hey pieces, a differential b'ail swingin coficentrically with said shaft, a set of coupling devices for coupling the operated differential pieces to said bail, and means operated by each key piece d'utih" its lost motion with res cot to its diiferen ial piece for operating t e corrcspohding couplii'ig' device.

4. In a calculatihg l flfliliii, the combinenon of a; digit key, a pivoted key piececon nected with said key, a difietential piece pivoted by the Sid oi the key piece and hem iii lo stjhtitioii connection thtirwitli, a diffre'ritittl' dt'ivic operated and dlfi'ereii tial piece, a cou ling device mounted on said difi'rntial piece and means whereby s'ilid key piece dliiit'i' its lost motion with respect to said di iential piece operates said coupliitg device to os'itively coiiple the dif fe'r'ential device and the differential piece together.

5. lit a calculating machine the combination of a digit key, a pivoted key 'piec'e connected with said key, a differential piece pivoted by the side of the key piece and having lost motion connection therewith, a differential device operated by said differential piece, a coupling device mounted on said diiferential piece, means whereby said key piece during its lost motioti with respect to said differential piece operates said coupling; device to ositi'vely couple the differential device ami the differential piece together, and means for positively maintaining said coupling device in couplin'g position during the operation of said digit iece.

6. In a calculating machine, t; e combination with a set of digit keys, of a shaft, a series of key pieces pivoted on said shaft and connected with said keys, a set of differential pieces pivoted on said shaft and each having lost motion connection with one of said key pieces, a differential bail swinging concentrically with said shaft and operated by said differential pieces, and a universal bar operated b said key pieces;

7. In a calcu atin' machine,'the combination with a set of igit keys, of a. shaft, a set of key pieces" ivoted on said shaft and each connected with one of said keys, 2. set of differential pieces pivoted on said shaft and ach having lost motion connection with one of, said key pieces, a differential bail swingiii concentrically withsaid shaft, means or positively coupling an operated differential piece to said differential bail, and means for positively arresting the operated differential piece. Y

8. In a calculating machine", the combination with a set of digit keys, of a shaft, a set of key pieces pivoted on said shaft and each connected with one of said keys, a set of differential pieces pivoted on said shaft and each having lost motion connectionwith one of said key pieces, a-differential bail swinging concentrically with said shaft, means for positively coupling anoperated differential piece to said differential baiL means for positively-arresting the operated differstroke of said key pieceif is." i

"ential piece, and means zfo'rtinsuring a full key-pieces pivoted on said shaft and connected with said keysfa' differential bail pivoted on said shaftand operateddifferential'distances by said key pieces, a gear segment pivoted on said shaft and connected to swing vvith said "differential bailg a 'p inion operated by said segment, a universal bar, and' means operated by said universal bar for moving said segment infoand out of/niesh with said pinion.

10. In a calculating machine-theic oinbination of a set of digit-ke s,aa fiiiedi'shaft, a set of key ieces connecte fwithtsaid keys. a set of di erential pieces each having lost motion connection with one of said key pieces, a differential bail having arms, said key pieces. differential pieces and arms all having hubs strung along said shaft and a frame through which said shaft passes, the construction being such that a rod can be inserted in said frame so as to push said shaft cndwise. and said rod and shaft can be separated so as to remove any desired one of said hubs leaving the balance of said hubs in place in the machine.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination of a pivoted key piece. a pivoted differential piece having lost motion connection with said key piece, a differential de vice operated by said differential piece, and a coupling device for coupling said differential piece and said differential device together, said differential piece having a lug adapted to engage said differential device to move it, and said coupling device preventing overthrow of said differential device relative to said differential piece.

12. In a calculating machine, the combination of a pivoted key piece, a pivoted differential piece having lost motion connection with said key p1ece,a 'differential device operated by-said differential piece, a coupling device for coupling said differential piece and said differentialdevice to gethcr, said differential piece having a lug adapted to engage said differential device to move it,'and said coupling devices preventing overthrow of said differential device relative to said differential piece, and a stop for arresting said differential piece.

13. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of digit keys,a setjof digit pieces operated by said keys, a set of differential pieces operated by said digit ieces and having lost motionconnection t erewith, a differential bar operatedby'said differential- "pieces, couplii ig -devices on said differential pieces; and normally disengaged from said differential bar, meaiis whereby anoperatedf=keyi' piece during said lost motio'n positively operates saiu' ebu lin device to couple the differentialpiece to the differential 1 bar preparator to operating said differential-f bar, and'a' full strokedevice acting on said fkey" piece and arranged 'to'prevent backwarjd motion thereof by the time when said coupling device is' operated.

14.-' I n a calculatingmachine, the combination ofa'set of digit keys, a shaftg'a set of key pieces 'pivotdwnflsaidfihaft, a 'setof differential pi'eces pivoted= on; said shaft,- a differential bail swinging "concentrically *with said -shaft-and, operated loy saiddi fferential pieces, and a 'funiver's'al bar piv- .otedi to swing'about anaxis parallel with Tsaidshaft and operated-by said keyfpieces." '15; In ajalculatidgffirachine, the combination *of a2 semi -digitikeys typ e bars' 0pcrafted by said keys, differential mechanism operated by said keys, a positive stop for arresting said differential mechanism at the end of its stroke, spring connections between said keys and said differential mechanism adapted to yield to an extent sufficientto allow the type bar to print after the differential mechanism has been arrested at the end of its stroke, and means to limit the yielding of said spring connections to an amount insufficient to allow the type bar to print in case the differential mechanism should be arrested after a number of units of movement less than the number appropriate to the operated key.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of digit keys, a set of differential pieces operated by said keys, a differcntial bar, means for locking said differential bar in its normal position. means for coupling said differential her and an operated dillerential piece together, and means for releasing said normal lockin; means after said differential bar has become coupled lo a differential piece.

17. In a calculating machine, the combination of a difi'erentialbar, 1 latch for engaging saiddifi'erential bar in normal posilever havinga' shoulder adapted when the lever is operated to engage said universal barand move it-to a position where it cannot beoperated. by said key.

19. In a calculating machine, the combinaiZiOIlTOf aset of numeral keys, key;pieces-operated bysaid'keys, and a universal bar for said keys mounted in the machine-by two pivots at the ends thereof, said pivots being removable and said universal bar being thereupon removable bodily 'from the machine.

20. In a combined typewriting 'andcalculating machine, the combination'of numeral keys, type bars operated by said keys, differentialmechanism operated by said keys. and a connection between each key and said dillerential mechanism, said'connection be ing Vyieldable to a definite limited extent whereby the 'keyfcan-move to a limited extent aftiatthedifierehtial mechanism has been arrested.

21. In a combined typewriting and calculat-in-g machine,-the combination of a Mr meral key, a type bar connected to said'key,

differential mechanism, a link connected with said differential mechanism a device connected with saidkey' an'dslidably conneeted with said link, a spring connecting said device and said link, and means for limiting the amount of relative motion bc tween said device andsnid link.

22. 'In a combined typewriti-ng and calculating machinc, the combination of aka a type bar operated-by said-key, difl'erential mechanisnna link connected-with said differential mechanism, a device slidably mounted on saidli'nk, ajnutsci'ewed' on said link and having a limited motion relative-to said de'vice,qa spring acting between said device and-saidnut, and a connection between said device and said key whereby saidkey opei'ate's said diiferentialsmecha-nism'but can move against ;the' pressure of said spring after the difi'erential mechanism has completed-.its-nfioti-on a distance'li'rnited by the relative motion of said-nutdud-saiddviee 23. In a calculatingmachin ithe combination of a set of numc'ral'keys, a universal bar situated atithe-iront of the actuating mechanism of the calculatin'g' machine and readily removable, and actuating brackets moufnted'on said'universal bar in'acc'essible positionsandmemo'vably secured-thereto.

In'acalciilatin 'macliine', the combination of 3258b of digit'ie'ys, a set! ofikey. pieces operated by saidkjs, a set of differential pi'eceseach-operatediby one'of said key 5 pieces-which-la-ttr :hfiS lost motionrelating to its differential piece,;a;-difirentia1 device common toallofsaid keys, couplingdevices eachpositively couplin' fan operated difier- GDtlZiITPlQGe to said diexenti'al device,-a-nfld =n1eans for' jitively anresti-n-g each-operated diflereiitia piece'and%; through it and said couplingdefie nteresting said differential device; I' ,f

Si ned at ftha- QrD ghwoi Mainhattan, city of- QWY-OlkgiiblihB'COHHbY of-New Yor'k a n d--State='cf New York, this 14th dayrof lMay A. D.'1921'. i A -LIOHN.-J.OHAPIN. Witnesses: 

